DRILLING MACHINE
DRILLING MACHINE
A Drilling Machine is a versatile tool designed to create round holes in various materials including metal, wood, plastic, and composites. It operates by rotating a cutting tool (drill bit) against a fixed workpiece, ensuring precise and repeatable drilling operations.
Types of Drilling Machines:
Bench Drilling Machine – Compact for light-duty use in workshops.
Pillar Drilling Machine – Medium-duty, floor-mounted for deeper drilling.
Radial Drilling Machine – Arm-based, allows flexibility in large workpieces.
Portable Drilling Machine – Handheld, useful for site work.
Gang Drilling Machine – Multiple drills for high-volume production.
CNC Drilling Machine – Computer-controlled for automated, high-precision drilling.
Working principle
Drilling machines operate by rotating a cutting tool (drill bit) against a workpiece, removing material to form a hole. The motor drives the spindle, which in turn rotates the drill bit held in the chuck. A feed mechanism controls the downward movement of the drill bit, either manually or automatically, ensuring consistent pressure during drilling. The depth of the hole is controlled using depth stops or digital controls, while speed and torque can be adjusted by the operator to match the material and desired hole diameter.
Main components
- Base: Provides stability and support for the entire machine.
- Column: A vertical structure that houses the spindle and supports the machine head.
- Table: Holds the workpiece and can be adjusted for height and angle to accommodate different workpiece sizes and drilling positions.
- Spindle: A rotating shaft that holds the drill bit and transmits the rotational motion from the motor.
- Chuck: A clamping device that securely holds the drill bit in place.
- Drill Head: Contains the motor, feed mechanism, and drive components responsible for rotating and moving the drill bit.
- Feed Mechanism: Controls the downward motion of the drill bit into the workpiece.